Quality of climate-smart agricultural advice offered by private and public sectors extensionists in Mbeere North Sub-County, Kenya

Raphael Gikunda; Mary  Jepkurui; Simion Kiptoo; Mathew Baker

doi:10.37433/aad.v3i1.161

Authors

Raphael Gikunda Chuka University, Kenya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-7025
Mary Jepkurui University of Arkansas, USA
Simion Kiptoo Chuka University, Kenya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0619-7030
Mathew Baker Texas A&M University, USA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0556-744X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37433/aad.v3i1.161

Keywords:

adoption, climate change, extension education, effectiveness

Abstract

This research adds to the knowledge of extension education by revealing the quality of climate-smart agricultural (CSA) advice offered by private and public extension sectors. The study was aimed at addressing the paucity of empirical data that exists relating to the quality of CSA advice. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, the descriptive and correlational study gathered data from a systematic sample of 115 farmers. There was a moderate positive correlation between extension effectiveness and adoption of CSA. There were significant differences between public, private, and both sectors in relation to the quality of information disseminated. The quality of private sector’s advice was significantly lower than that of public sector and both sectors. There was no significant difference in quality of advice between public sector and both sectors. The quality of CSA advice was generally fair, however, heightened dissemination of CSA practices by both sectors of extension would yield better quality advice thus improve the adoption of the practices among farmers.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adamides, G. (2020). A review of climate-smart agriculture applications in Cyprus. Atmosphere, 11(9), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090898

Antwi- Agyei, P., & Stringer, L. (2021). Improving the effectiveness of agricultural Extension services in supporting farmers to adapt to climate change: Insights from Northeastern Ghana. Climate Risk Management, 32,1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2021.100304

Ayansina, S. O., Oyenyinka, R. A., & Ayinde, A. F. (2015). Farmers' participation in the services of public and private extension in Southwestern Nigeria. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 8(3), 238–245. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2015/10922

Chimoita, E. L., Onyango, C. M., Kimenju, J. W., & Gweyi-Onyango, J. P. (2017). Agricultural Extension approaches influencing uptake of improved sorghum technologies in Embu County, Kenya. Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(1), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujar.2017.050106

De Pinto, A., Cenacchi, N., Kwon, H., & Koo, J. D. (2020). Climate smart agriculture and global food-crop production. PLoS ONE, 15(4), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231764

Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2015). How to design and evaluate research in education (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and references. (4th ed.). Pearson. https://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/385/394732/george4answers.pdf

Gikunda, M. R., Lawver, D. E., Baker, M., Boren-Alpizar, A. E., & Guo, W. (2021). Extension education needs for improved adoption of sustainable organic agriculture in Central Kenya. American Journal of Geographic Information System, 10(2), 61-71. http://article.sapub.org/10.5923.j.ajgis.20211002.01.html

Jirata, M., Grey, S., & Kilawe, E. (2016). Ethiopia climate -smart agriculture scoping study. Food and Agriculture Organization. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5518e.pdf

Kurgat, B. K., Lamanna, C., Kimaro, A., Namoi, N., Manda, L., & Rosenstock, T. S. (2020). Adoption of climate-smart agriculture technologies in Tanzania. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4(55), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2020.00055

Mamun-ur-Rashid, M. D., & Qijie, G. (2016). An assessment of public and private crop Extension services in Bangladesh. Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 9(1), 7–16. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326316473_An_Assessment_of_Public_and_Private_Crop_Extension_Services_in_Bangladesh

Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries. (2017). Kenya climate smart agriculture strategy-2017-2026. https://www.adaptation-undp.org/sites/default/files/resources/kenya_climate_smart_agriculture_strategy.pdf

Muyanga, M., & Jayne, T. S. (2008). Private agricultural extension system in Kenya: Practice and policy lessons. Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 14(2), 101–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/13892240802019063

Nagargade, M., Tyagi, V., & Kumar, M. (2017). Climate smart agriculture: An option for changing climatic situation. In S. Jurić, Plant engineering (pp. 143–165). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.69971

Netherlands Enterprise Agency. (2019). Climate smart agriculture-opportunities in the Kenyan horticulture sector. https://www.advanceconsulting.nl/assets/Uploads/CSA-opportunities-in-Kenya.pdf

Odhong’, C., Wilkes, A., & Dijk, S. V. (2018). Private-sector led extension in Kenya’s dairy sector. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). https://hdl.handle.net/10568/93175

Oduniyi, O. S., & Tekana, S. S. (2019). Adoption of agroforestry practices and climate change mitigation strategies in North West province of South Africa. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 11(5), 716-729. https://doi.org/doi:10.1108/IJCCSM-02-2019-0009

Rosegrant, M. W., Ewing, M., Yohe, G., Burton, I., & Huq, S. V.-S. (2008). Climate change and agriculture: Threats and opportunities . Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit . https://www.preventionweb.net/files/11890_gtzclimatechangeagriculture1.pdf

Sala, S., Rossi, F., & David, S. (2016). Supporting agricultural extension towards climate-smart agriculture an overview of existing tools. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations . http://www.fao.org/3/a-bl361e.pdf

United Nations Environment Programme. (2016, May 11). The adaption finance gap report. https://unepdtu.org/uneps-adaptation-finance-gap-report-2016-released/

United States Agency for International Development. (2016). Climate-smart agriculture in the feed the future programs. https://www.agrilinks.org/sites/default/files/resource/files/Framework%20CSA%20paper%20final.pdf

Wambugu, C., Franzel, S., & Rioux, J. (2014). Options for climate-smart agriculture at Kaptumo sit in Kenya (Working Paper No. 185). World Agroforestry Centre. https://doi.org/10.5716/WP14394.PDF

World Bank. (2012). Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/11868

World Bank. (2015). Future of food: Shaping a climate-smart global food system. http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22927

World Bank & International Center for Tropical Agriculture. (2015). Climate-smart agriculture in Kenya. CSA country profiles for Africa, Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean Series. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/69545